MYSQL服务器系统变量
查询MYSQL服务器系统变量:
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin> mysqld --verbose –help
通过mysqladmin命令来查询MYSQL服务器系统变量:
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqladmin -uroot -p variables > d:\init.txt
Enter password: ******
Init.txt部分内容:
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| auto_increment_increment | 1 |
| auto_increment_offset | 1 |
| automatic_sp_privileges | ON |
| back_log | 50
…………
| version_compile_machine | ia32 |
| version_compile_os | Win32 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
获得MYSQL实际使用的服务器系统变量:
mysql> show variables;
利用like参数来显示具体的服务器系统变量:
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| init_connect | |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
调整MYSQL服务器的系统变量
mysqld服务器维护两种变量。全局变量影响服务器的全局操作。会话变量影响具体客户端连接相关操作。服务器启动时,将所有全局变量初始化为默认值。可以在选项文件或命令行中指定的选项来更改这些默认值。服务器启动后,通过连接服务器并执行SET GLOBAL var_name语句可以更改动态全局变量。要想更改全局变量,必须具有SUPER权限。
方法一:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'query_cache_size';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 23068672 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL query_cache_size = 31457280;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'query_cache_size';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 31457280 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
方法二:
mysql> show variables like 'query_cache_size%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 31457280 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET @@global.query_cache_size = 20971520;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'query_cache_size%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 20971520 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select @@query_cache_size;
+--------------------+
| @@query_cache_size |
+--------------------+
| 20971520 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysqld服务器还为每个客户端连接维护会话变量。连接时使用相应全局变量的当前值对客户端会话变量进行初始化。客户可以通过SET [SESSION] var_name语句来更改动态会话变量。设置会话变量不需要特殊权限,但客户可以只更改自己的会话变量,而不更改其它客户的会话变量。
mysql> SET sort_buffer_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'sort_buffer%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| sort_buffer_size | 10485760 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注意:
当使用启动选项设置变量时,变量值可以使用后缀K、M或G分别表示千字节、兆字节或gigabytes。例如,下面的命令启动服务器时的键值缓冲区大小为16 megabytes:
C:\ProgramFiles\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqld--key_buffer_size=16M
后缀的大小写美关系;16M和16m是同样的。
运行时,使用SET语句来设置系统变量。此时,不能使用后缀,但值可以采取下列表达式:
mysql> SET sort_buffer_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
2 MYSQL服务器状态变量
mysqladmin查看服务器状态变量(动态变化):
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqladmin -uroot -p extended-status
Enter password: ******
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 3 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |
| Bytes_received | 2664 |
| Bytes_sent | 96723 |
| Com_admin_commands | 0 |
| Com_alter_db | 0 |
| Com_alter_table | 0 |
| Com_analyze | 0 |
该命令和下面命令等效:
获得MYSQL服务器的统计和状态指标:
mysql> show status;
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 3 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |
| Bytes_received | 765 |
| Bytes_sent | 80349 |
| Com_admin_commands | 0 |
| Com_alter_db | 0 |
| Com_alter_table | 0 |
| Com_analyze | 0 |
刷新MYSQL服务器状态变量
mysql> show status like 'Bytes_sent%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Bytes_sent | 53052 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush status;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show status like 'Bytes_sent%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Bytes_sent | 11 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin> mysqld --verbose –help
通过mysqladmin命令来查询MYSQL服务器系统变量:
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqladmin -uroot -p variables > d:\init.txt
Enter password: ******
Init.txt部分内容:
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| auto_increment_increment | 1 |
| auto_increment_offset | 1 |
| automatic_sp_privileges | ON |
| back_log | 50
…………
| version_compile_machine | ia32 |
| version_compile_os | Win32 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
获得MYSQL实际使用的服务器系统变量:
mysql> show variables;
利用like参数来显示具体的服务器系统变量:
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| init_connect | |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
调整MYSQL服务器的系统变量
mysqld服务器维护两种变量。全局变量影响服务器的全局操作。会话变量影响具体客户端连接相关操作。服务器启动时,将所有全局变量初始化为默认值。可以在选项文件或命令行中指定的选项来更改这些默认值。服务器启动后,通过连接服务器并执行SET GLOBAL var_name语句可以更改动态全局变量。要想更改全局变量,必须具有SUPER权限。
方法一:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'query_cache_size';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 23068672 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL query_cache_size = 31457280;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'query_cache_size';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 31457280 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
方法二:
mysql> show variables like 'query_cache_size%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 31457280 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET @@global.query_cache_size = 20971520;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'query_cache_size%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| query_cache_size | 20971520 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select @@query_cache_size;
+--------------------+
| @@query_cache_size |
+--------------------+
| 20971520 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysqld服务器还为每个客户端连接维护会话变量。连接时使用相应全局变量的当前值对客户端会话变量进行初始化。客户可以通过SET [SESSION] var_name语句来更改动态会话变量。设置会话变量不需要特殊权限,但客户可以只更改自己的会话变量,而不更改其它客户的会话变量。
mysql> SET sort_buffer_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'sort_buffer%';
+------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+----------+
| sort_buffer_size | 10485760 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注意:
当使用启动选项设置变量时,变量值可以使用后缀K、M或G分别表示千字节、兆字节或gigabytes。例如,下面的命令启动服务器时的键值缓冲区大小为16 megabytes:
C:\ProgramFiles\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqld--key_buffer_size=16M
后缀的大小写美关系;16M和16m是同样的。
运行时,使用SET语句来设置系统变量。此时,不能使用后缀,但值可以采取下列表达式:
mysql> SET sort_buffer_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
2 MYSQL服务器状态变量
mysqladmin查看服务器状态变量(动态变化):
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysqladmin -uroot -p extended-status
Enter password: ******
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 3 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |
| Bytes_received | 2664 |
| Bytes_sent | 96723 |
| Com_admin_commands | 0 |
| Com_alter_db | 0 |
| Com_alter_table | 0 |
| Com_analyze | 0 |
该命令和下面命令等效:
获得MYSQL服务器的统计和状态指标:
mysql> show status;
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 3 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |
| Bytes_received | 765 |
| Bytes_sent | 80349 |
| Com_admin_commands | 0 |
| Com_alter_db | 0 |
| Com_alter_table | 0 |
| Com_analyze | 0 |
刷新MYSQL服务器状态变量
mysql> show status like 'Bytes_sent%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Bytes_sent | 53052 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush status;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show status like 'Bytes_sent%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Bytes_sent | 11 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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