sflow

Juniper sflow配置:

set protocols sflow agent-id {agent IP地址}
set protocols sflow polling-interval 30
set protocols sflow sample-rate ingress 3000
set protocols sflow sample-rate egress 3000
set protocols sflow collector {接受数据的IP}
set protocols sflow interfaces {ge-0/1/1.0 指定端口} 

H3C sflow配置:

sflow agent ip 10.193.1.1  !设置此设备的某端口地址为agent地址
 sflow source ip 10.193.1.1 !设置此设备的某端口地址为发送源地址
 sflow collector 1 vpn-instance mgmt ip 10.5.0.208 !设置collector1服务器地址,端口号默认6343
 
int te1/0/0/7 !进入需要采集的接口
 sflow flow collector 1 !与collector 1 绑定
 sflow sampling-rate 1000 !设置采样率
 sflow counter collector 1 !计数器绑定collector1
 sflow counter interval 60 !计数器间隔60s
!

Cisco Netflow设置

flow record yst  !配置netflow记录器yst
 match ipv4 source address !记录内容ipv4源地址
 match ipv4 destination address !记录目标地址
 collect counter bytes !计数器单位bytes
 collect counter packets !计数器单位packets
!
!
flow exporter yst !配置netflow输出器
 destination 10.5.0.208 !设置服务器地址
 source TenGigabitEthernet0/0/0 !设置发包源地址
 dscp 63 !设置qos dscp
 ttl 15 !设置ttl
 transport udp 6343 !配置端口号
 export-protocol netflow-v5 !配置版本为v5,各版本区别百度
 template data timeout 30 超时时间30
!
!
flow monitor yst !设置监视器yst
 exporter yst !绑定输出器yst
 record yst !绑定记录器yst

int gi1/0/1 !开启接口flow
ip flow monitor yst input
ip flow monitor yst output

centos安装ntop

yum install -y  epel-release wget 
wget http://packages.ntop.org/centos/ntop.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/ntop.repo
yum install -y pfring-dkms n2disk nprobe ntopng cento
service redis start 
service ntopng start

bird+juniper BGP RTBH

bird实例

log syslog all;
debug protocols off;
debug commands 0;

router id 1.1.1.1;

protocol static rtbh {
	route 99.99.99.99/32 blackhole;
	route 88.88.88.88/32 blackhole;
}

filter export_rtbh_out {
	# Limit to static routes
	if (proto = "rtbh") then
	{
		# Limit to /32 host routes (for now)
		if net.len = 32 then
		{
			bgp_community.add((65001,9999));
			bgp_next_hop = 192.0.2.1;
			accept;
		}
	}
	reject;
}

protocol bgp ER3 {
	description "iBGP to Edge Router 3 for RTBH";
	debug { states, events };
	local 1.1.1.1 as 65001;
	neighbor 3.3.3.3 as 65001;
	import none;
	export filter export_rtbh_out;
}
protocol bgp ER4 {
	description "iBGP to Edge Router 4 for RTBH";
	debug { states, events };
	local 1.1.1.1 as 65001;
	neighbor 4.4.4.4 as 65001;
	import none;
	export filter export_rtbh_out;
}



JUNOS 配置实例

routing-options {
	static {
		route 192.0.2.1/32 discard;
	}
}

protocols {
	bgp {
		group RTBH {
			type internal;
			import import-from-rs;
			expor deny-all;
			neighbor 1.1.1.1;
		}
	}
}

policy-options {
	policy-statement deny-all {
		term 1 {
			then reject;
		}
	}
	policy-statement import-from-rs {
		term 1 {
			from {
				community RTBH;
				route-filter 0.0.0.0/0 prefix-length-range /32-/32;
			}
			then accept;
		}
		term reject {
			then reject;
		}
	}
	community RTBH members 65001:9999;
}

抄录自https://gist.github.com/floatingstatic/854aa504a92ab8bc3e044e434ec378c4

[转载]CentOS 7 为firewalld添加开放端口及相关资料

1、运行、停止、禁用firewalld
启动:# systemctl start  firewalld
查看状态:# systemctl status firewalld 或者 firewall-cmd --state
停止:# systemctl disable firewalld
禁用:# systemctl stop firewalld 

查看firewall是否运行,下面两个命令都可以

systemctl status firewalld.servicefirewall-cmd --state

查看default zone和active zone

我们还没有做任何配置,default zone和active zone都应该是public

firewall-cmd --get-default-zonefirewall-cmd --get-active-zones

查看当前开了哪些端口

其实一个服务对应一个端口,每个服务对应/usr/lib/firewalld/services下面一个xml文件。

firewall-cmd --list-services

查看还有哪些服务可以打开

firewall-cmd --get-services

查看所有打开的端口:

firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

更新防火墙规则:

firewall-cmd --reload

添加一个服务到firewalld

firewall-cmd --add-service=http //http换成想要开放的service

这样添加的service当前立刻生效,但系统下次启动就失效,可以测试使用。要永久开发一个service,加上 --permanent

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http

如果要添加的端口并没有服务对应

就要新建一个服务,在/usr/lib/firewalld/services,随便拷贝一个xml文件到一个新名字,比如myservice.xml,把里面的

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
<short>Transmission-client</short>
<description>Transmission is a lightweight GTK+ BitTorrent client.</description>
<port protocol="tcp" port="51413"/>
</service>

short改为想要名字(这个名字只是为了人来阅读,没有实际影响。重要的是修改 protocol和port。修改完保存。

我的经验是这是要重启firewalld服务,systemctl restart firewalld.service,否则可能提示找不到刚才新建的service。

然后把新建的service添加到firewalld

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=myservice

重启firewalld 生效



5分钟理解Centos7防火墙firewalld    http://www.cnblogs.com/stevenzeng/p/5152324.html  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1、firewalld的基本使用
启动: systemctl start firewalld
查看状态: systemctl status firewalld
停止: systemctl disable firewalld
禁用: systemctl stop firewalld
2.systemctl是CentOS7的服务管理工具中主要的工具,它融合之前service和chkconfig的功能于一体。
启动一个服务:systemctl start firewalld.service
关闭一个服务:systemctl stop firewalld.service
重启一个服务:systemctl restart firewalld.service
显示一个服务的状态:systemctl status firewalld.service
在开机时启用一个服务:systemctl enable firewalld.service
在开机时禁用一个服务:systemctl disable firewalld.service
查看服务是否开机启动:systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service
查看已启动的服务列表:systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled
查看启动失败的服务列表:systemctl --failed
3.配置firewalld-cmd
查看版本: firewall-cmd --version
查看帮助: firewall-cmd --help
显示状态: firewall-cmd --state
查看所有打开的端口: firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
更新防火墙规则: firewall-cmd --reload
查看区域信息:  firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
查看指定接口所属区域: firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0
拒绝所有包:firewall-cmd --panic-on
取消拒绝状态: firewall-cmd --panic-off
查看是否拒绝: firewall-cmd --query-panic
那怎么开启一个端口呢
添加
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent    (--permanent永久生效,没有此参数重启后失效)
重新载入
firewall-cmd --reload
查看
firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=80/tcp
删除
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent

转载自:https://www.cnblogs.com/hubing/p/6058932.html

Centos7快速部署openresty

curl https://openresty.org/package/centos/openresty.repo -so /etc/yum.repos.d/openresty.repo
yum -y -q install wget  vim-enhanced tcpdump iftop net-tools rsync 
yum -y -q install openresty 
systemctl enable openresty
ln -s  /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/ #把nginx文件引用到常规sbin目录
ln -s /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf /etc/nginx #把目录软连接到常规目录
ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/openresty.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service #Centos7的服务启动管理nginx别名
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --reload

基础部署完成后,用rsync同步数据后再做其他基础配置基本完成管理.

lvm快照迁移或者备份脚本

for VM in `lvs|grep img|grep -v snap |  awk -F_ '{ print $1}'` ;
 do
 echo "lvcreate -L 50G -s -n  "$VM"_snap /dev/vg0/"$VM"_img "
 echo "dd if=/dev/vg0/"$VM"_snap conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c | ssh root@服务器IP "gzip -d |dd of=/dev/vg0/"$VM"_img conv=sync,noerror bs=64K"
 echo "lvremove /dev/vg0/"$VM"_snap -f"
 echo "echo $VM done  \`date\`  >>/root/m.log"
 echo " "
done

输出可以直接写入新服务器的已建立好的分区, 也可以设置目录保存为文件。

lvcreate -L 50G -s -n  kvm10000_snap /dev/vg0/kvm10000_img
dd if=/dev/vg0/kvm1220_snap conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c | ssh root@新服务器IP "gzip -d |dd of=/dev/vg0/kvm10000_img conv=sync,noerror bs=64K"
lvremove /dev/vg0/kvm10000_snap -f
echo kvm10000 done  `date`  >>/root/m.log

centos大版本升级6到7

从6升级到7,建议按步骤走一遍弄个机器测试升级,玩坏了自己买单。

#!/bin/bash

cat>/root/fix.sh<<EOF
rm -f /lib64/libpcre.so.0 /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.0 /usr/lib64/libsasl2.so.2 /lib64/libsasl2.so.2
ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.1.2.0 /lib64/libpcre.so.0
ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.1.2.0 /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.0
ln -s /usr/lib64/libsasl2.so.3.0.0  /usr/lib64/libsasl2.so.2
ln -s /usr/lib64/libsasl2.so.3.0.0  /lib64/libsasl2.so.2
yum -y downgrade  grep
mv  root/fix.sh root/fix.txt
EOF
chmod 755 /root/fix.sh
echo "/root/fix.sh">> /etc/rc.local

cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/upgradetool.repo<<EOF
[upg]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Upgrade Tool
baseurl=http://buildlogs.centos.org/centos/6/upg/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
EOF
    
yum -y erase openscap
yum -y install redhat-upgrade-tool preupgrade-assistant-contents --disablerepo=base
preupg -s CentOS6_7 <<EOF
y
EOF
rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
centos-upgrade-tool-cli --network 7 --instrepo=http://vault.centos.org/centos/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/ <<EOF
y
EOF
reboot

centos编译升级gcc版本

yum -y -q install gcc gcc-c++ glibc-static libstdc++-static kernel-devel lbzip2
wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/releases/gcc-9.2.0/gcc-9.2.0.tar.gz  -O -|tar xz
cd gcc-9.2.0
./contrib/download_prerequisites
./configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
make
make install

Linux本地自签ssl

yum -y -q install nss-tools gcc
VER=$(curl -Ss   https://api.github.com/repos/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases/latest|grep tag_name|grep -Po '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+.*(?=")')
wget -O /usr/bin/mkcert   https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases/download/v${VER}/mkcert-v${VER}-linux-amd64
chmod +x  /usr/bin/mkcert 
mkcert -install
mkcert 域名.后缀 '*.域名.后缀 ' 域名2.后缀  localhost 127.0.0.1 ::1

随后生成pem和key 直接在http服务器上绑定即可以使用。

nginx lua暴力简单过滤cc攻击

原文地址:http://jtwo.me/use-lua-to-protect-nginx-away-from-cc-attack

好像原文出处的页面已经打不开了,原生的nginx需要编译lua,openresty可以直接用。

location ~ \.php$ {
    rewrite_by_lua '
        local md5token = ngx.md5(ngx.var.remote_addr .. ngx.var.http_user_agent)
        if (ngx.var.cookie_humanflag ~= md5token) then
            ngx.header["Set-Cookie"] = "humanflag=" .. md5token
            return ngx.redirect(ngx.var.scheme .. "://" .. ngx.var.host .. ngx.var.uri)
        end
    ';
    ... ...
}

location ~ \.php$ {
    if ($cookie_ipaddr != "$remote_addr"){
        add_header Set-Cookie "ipaddr=$remote_addr";
        rewrite .* "$scheme://$host$uri" redirect;
    }

    ... ...
}

iptables屏蔽常规邮件端口

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dport 25,110,465:587,993:995 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dport 25,110,465:587,993:995 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dport 25,110,465:587,993:995 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m multiport --dport 25,110,465:587,993:995 -j DROP
/etc/init.d/iptables save

bash升级5.0

yum -y -q  install wget gcc patch 
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-5.0.tar.gz -O - | tar xz
cd bash-5.0
wget -r -nd -np http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-5.0-patches/
for BP in `ls bash50-*|grep -v sig`; do patch -p0 < $BP; done
./configure 
make
make install

centos7编译php7.3

yum -y install epel-release -y
                                                                                                                                                                                        
yum -y --skip-broken install gcc  vim-enhanced gcc-c++ libtool-libs libtool autoconf subversion zip unzip  wget crontabs iptables file bison patch mlocate flex diffutils automake imake make cmake kernel-devel cpp zlib-devel \
libevent-devel libxml2-devel freetype-devel  gd gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel ncurses-devel  \
curl-devel readline-devel openssl-devel  glibc-devel  glib2-devel bzip2-devel e2fsprogs-devel libidn-devel  gettext-devel expat-devel libcap-devel  libtool-ltdl-devel pam-devel \
libxslt-devel libc-client-devel freetds-devel unixODBC-devel  libXpm-devel krb5-devel libicu-devel icu   sqlite-devel oniguruma-devel
                                                                                                                                                                                        
cd /tmp
wget https://nih.at/libzip/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz  -O - | tar xz
cd libzip-*
./configure --prefix=/usr
make && make install
cp /usr/lib/libzip/include/zipconf.h  /usr/local/include/zipconf.h
ldconfig
                                                                                                                                                                                        
cd /tmp
wget -c http://us2.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.10.tar.gz -O - | tar xz
cd php-7.3*
./configure  --with-config-file-path=/opt/php7/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/opt/php7/etc/php.d --prefix=/opt/php7/usr --enable-fpm --enable-bcmath --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-zip --with-curl --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-gettext --with-openssl --with-xmlrpc --with-png-dir  --with-jpeg-dir --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr  --with-mhash  --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-imap --with-imap-ssl --with-kerberos --with-zlib --enable-intl=shared --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-mbregex  --with-iconv-dir --enable-pcntl --enable-opcache --enable-exif  --with-sqlite3 --with-pdo-sqlite --enable-calendar --enable-wddx --with-libdir=lib64 ;
make -j `grep name /proc/cpuinfo|wc -l`
make install
mkdir -p /opt/php7/etc/
cp php.ini-production /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
#cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
sed -i 's#expose_php = On#expose_php = Off#'  /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;date.timezone =/date.timezone = PRC/g'  /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/g' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#enable_dl = Off#enable_dl = On#'  /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#short_open_tag = Off#short_open_tag = On#'  /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#'  /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/memory_limit = 32M/memory_limit = 128M/g' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/post_max_size = 8M/post_max_size = 32M/g' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/upload_max_filesize = 2M/upload_max_filesize = 16M/g' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off#allow_call_time_pass_reference = On#' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/disable_functions =/disable_functions="exec,system,passthru,shell_exec,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,ini_alter,dl,popen,chown,chroot,chgrp,ini_restore,dbmopen,dbase_open"/g' /opt/php7/etc/php.ini





手掌脱皮手指干裂

又是一年秋季,有些人手的手掌脱皮,指尖脱皮龟裂且裂口出外翻。

如果只是脱皮其实还好,也就手掌的掌纹变白皮肤犹如枯枝扎人,但是如果指尖脱皮又开裂,就生不如死没,一是痛二是指尖的触觉犹如覆盖了一层502胶水。

我的解决办法是在发现贴创口贴的地方皮肤明显更加湿润和热水泡胀手脚皮肤去角质层想到的,然后跑药店买了几幅医用手套,
在睡前洗涂抹新鲜的肉芦荟(用护手霜或甘油也可以)再戴手套睡觉,反复折腾几天后皮肤就恢复了正常机能。

如果情况严重的建议先去医院断诊。

阅读剩余部分...

加班文化

早些年(新千年之前), 一群人下岗创业, 长三角和珠三角蒸蒸日上, 内陆的乡镇企业逐渐因为产业
升级开始没落, 内陆乡镇的人开始外出到沿海打工.

这些人的相同点, 没什么钱/背井离乡.

阅读剩余部分...